Many presidents have used the Resolute desk in the Oval
Office or the their study in the Residence. It was made from the timbers of HMS
Resolute, an abandoned British ship discovered by an American vessel and
returned to the Queen of England as a token of friendship and goodwill. When
the ship was retired, Queen Victoria commissioned the desk from William
Evenden, Royal Naval Dockyard at Chatham, England, and presented to President
Rutherford Hayes in 1880.
The desk has twice been modified. Franklin Roosevelt
requested that the kneehole be fitted with a modesty panel carved with the
presidential seal (he preferred people not see his leg braces and often placed
a waste basket in front of his desks), but he did not live to see it installed.
However, President Truman liked the eagle motif and had it installed when he
came into office in 1945. Since this was prior to Truman's decision to turn the
head of the eagle in the presidential seal to face the olive branch of peace,
the eagle in the Resolute's modesty panel faces the arrows of war.
Every president since Hayes—except Presidents Johnson, Nixon,
and Ford—has used the Resolute desk, although some chose to use it in their
private study in the Residence. The desk was made famous in part by a
photograph of John Kennedy at work while his son, John Jr., peeked out the
front through the kneehole panel.